Abstract The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria acts as an effective barrier to protect against toxic compounds. By nature. the OM is asymmetric with the highly packed lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at the outer leaflet and glycerophospholipids at the inner leaflet. OM asymmetry is maintained by the Mla system. https://pinkscherryers.shop/product-category/collections/