These controversies regarding the relationships among citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs can be due to ways in which OCBs are measured. Within the literature, OCBs have frequently been described as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.2). Other-rated measurements are unable to detect the behavioural motivations underlying OCBs1,eleven. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4